22

HISTORY OF LAKE TOBA

   Lake Toba is a large tekto-volcanic natural lake that occupies the caldera of a supervulkan. This lake has a length of about 100 kilometers, a width of about 30 kilometers, and a depth of up to 505 meters (16666 feet), located in North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Lake Toba is the largest lake in Indonesia and Southeast Asia. In the middle of this lake there is a volcanic island called Samosir Island.

     It is estimated that Lake Toba was formed during an explosion of about 73,000-75,000 years ago and is the most recent eruption of Supervolcano (volcano). Bill Rose and Craig Chesner of Michigan Technological University estimated that the total amount of material at the eruption was about 2,800 km3-about 2,000 km3 of Ignimbrit that flowed over the ground, and about 800 km3 which fell as mainly ash to the west. The pyroclastic flow from the eruption destroys an area of ​​20,000 km2, with ash deposits as thick as 600 m with the main crater.

    This incident caused mass death and extinction in some species of living creatures. According to DNA evidence, this eruption also shrinks the number of humans to about 60% of the total human population of the earth at that time, which is about 60 million people. The eruption also contributed to the occurrence of the ice age, experts are still debating it. After the eruption, formed a caldera which then filled by water and became an island known as Lake Toba. Upward pressure by magma that has not yet come out causes the emergence of Samosir Island.

      Led by Dr. Michael Petraglia, revealed in a press conference in Oxford, USA that a new archeological site has been discovered that is quite spectacular by geologists in the south and india,
How people survived, before and after the Toba volcano (supervolcano) eruption 74,000 years ago, and evidence of life under the ashes of Mount Toba. Yet the source of the eruption is 3,000 miles away, from the distribution of the ashes.

     The spread of volcanic dust is immense, found almost all over the world. Derived from an ancient supervolcano eruption, which is Mount Toba. Allegations lead to Mount Toba, because found evidence of the same form of molecular volcanic ash at 2100 dots. Since the caldera crater is now a lake Toba in Indonesia, up to 3000 miles. And how devastating the volcanic eruption was.